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	<title>Edufactory</title>
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	<description>Conflicts and transformation of the university</description>
	<lastBuildDate>Mon, 07 May 2012 20:23:05 +0000</lastBuildDate>
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		<title>Massive police repression, Victoville/Québec, 4th May protests</title>
		<link>http://www.edu-factory.org/wp/massive-police-repression-victovillequebec-4th-may-protests/</link>
		<comments>http://www.edu-factory.org/wp/massive-police-repression-victovillequebec-4th-may-protests/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Mon, 07 May 2012 20:22:42 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>gigi</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Struggles]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.edu-factory.org/wp/?p=1597</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[http://www.universitv.tv/archives/1547 Buses unloaded students, unions and citizens from across Quebec to come forward and protest against the Liberal government that held its General Council this weekend in Victoriaville. The simple act of having put barriers on the ground separating the protesters from Congress, was enough to justify police violence against the people. A rain of gas and violence fell on the demonstrators: more than 250 cans of CS gas, drawn from close range for some, many rubber bullets and hundreds of arrests. The police chief welcomed the excellent work of law enforcement &#8230; ONE STUDENT LOST AN EYE AND ANOTHER IS BETWEEN LIFE AND DEATH, many have suffered head injuries. The SQ has hampered the...]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p><a href="http://www.universitv.tv/archives/1547">http://www.universitv.tv/archives/1547</a></p>
<p>Buses unloaded students, unions and citizens from across Quebec to come forward and protest against the Liberal government that held its General Council this weekend in Victoriaville.<span id="more-1597"></span></p>
<p>The simple act of having put barriers on the ground separating the protesters from Congress, was enough to justify police violence against the people.</p>
<p>A rain of gas and violence fell on the demonstrators: more than 250 cans of CS gas, drawn from close range for some, many rubber bullets and hundreds of arrests. The police chief welcomed the excellent work of law enforcement &#8230;</p>
<p>ONE STUDENT LOST AN EYE AND ANOTHER IS BETWEEN LIFE AND DEATH, many have suffered head injuries.</p>
<p>The SQ has hampered the work of paramedics who tried to rescue one of the injured students. Buses on the way home were also arrested, the police is now attacking the freedom to manifest and move in Québec.</p>
<p>The will of a man continues to crush democracy.</p>
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		<title>Our University</title>
		<link>http://www.edu-factory.org/wp/our-university/</link>
		<comments>http://www.edu-factory.org/wp/our-university/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Sat, 05 May 2012 01:17:44 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>gigi</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Meetings]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.edu-factory.org/wp/?p=1593</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[by ENDA BROPHY Is the university worth saving? The question arose insistently at The University is Ours! Conference, organized by the transnational edu-factory collective along with local Canadian allies and held last weekend in Toronto (April 27-29). In its current form, wracked by crisis, the academy produces precious little that can extend our collective capacities and much that diminishes them: hierarchy, exploitation, debt, precarity, cynicism, greed… The restructuring of university systems has brought corporatized administrations, rising tuition, departmental closures, expanded class sizes, noxious corporate food, anti-strike legislation enacted against academic workers… In a world where knowledge, culture and communication have been commodified as never before, capital has turned its attention to the academy and is completely dedicated to its wholesale transformation. This university is most certainly not...]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>by ENDA BROPHY</p>
<p>Is the university worth saving? The question arose insistently at The University is Ours! Conference, organized by the transnational edu-factory collective along with local Canadian allies and held last weekend in Toronto (April 27-29).<span id="more-1593"></span> In its current form, wracked by crisis, the academy produces precious little that can extend our collective capacities and much that diminishes them: hierarchy, exploitation, debt, precarity, cynicism, greed… The restructuring of university systems has brought corporatized administrations, rising tuition, departmental closures, expanded class sizes, noxious corporate food, anti-strike legislation enacted against academic workers… In a world where knowledge, culture and communication have been commodified as never before, capital has turned its attention to the academy and is completely dedicated to its wholesale transformation. This university is most certainly not ours.</p>
<p>And yet, as participants at the edu-factory conference made absolutely clear, within, against and beyond the neoliberal academy lies our own university. The austerity-stricken university is combustible, and knowledge is incandescent. Across today’s campuses struggles proliferate, from Rome to London, from Santiago to Berkeley, from Cairo to Dublin. Students, academic workers and their allies have flooded the streets, and universities have been one of the key sites of resistance to the market over the past five years. At the Toronto conference, participants gathered in an atmosphere marked by joyous affect, mutual respect, and non-sectarian engagement. On Friday a busload of students arrived from a Quebec rocked by protest, where red felt has run out as the carrè rouges, or little red squares multiply across the jackets of hundreds of thousands of students, faculty and supporters who have faced off against the police and brought the post-secondary system in the province to halt against proposed tuition hikes. It is not about high tuition, or even less tuition anymore, says CLASSE, the student organization that is leading the struggles, but rather about no tuition. The carrè rouge symbol itself traces the recent circulation of university labour, student, and broader social struggles in central Canada: originally used during anti-poverty actions in Quebec, then becoming the icon of the 2004 student strike, reappearing during and after the York University strike of 2008-2009 (the longest in Canadian history), the little red squares are now teeming in the streets of Montreal every night in spontaneous demonstrations which have brought hundreds of thousands out against the tuition hikes. In Toronto Quebec activists met and shared counter-knowledges with trade unionists, campus activists, and radical professors from Italy, the United States, Mexico, the Czech Republic, the United Kingdom. The struggle for free education and dignified working conditions is global, one in which anti-racist activism entwines with queer pedagogies in a knowledge produced from below, aimed squarely against those transforming our universities from above.</p>
<p>In Toronto the struggles of students against tuition hikes linked up with and learned from those involved in union drives for teaching assistants, research assistants, and postdocs on campuses across North America. Labour activists doing solidarity work with gendered and racialized cleaning staff, admin assistants, and food workers reminded us that students and precariously employed professors are not the privileged subjects of transformation. Analyses of the ways hierarchy pervades and segments the neoliberal campus encountered the Occupy movement’s offshoot (Occupy Student Debt) responding to the shameful debt burden imposed on those who want nothing more than an education and a decent shot in the labour market. The University of Toronto General Assembly shows us that a parallel governance structure can be created within and against a university addicted to shady corporate donations. How do we create a political language of broad appeal across these groups? How do we create new practices of critical solidarity that engage not only those who produce knowledge on campus, but also those who toil on it doing the cleaning work, the service work, and communities whose lives are affected by university development more broadly? In our university we ask ourselves these questions and craft answers we will bring back to our communities.</p>
<p>The Toronto conference had other, vital horizons however. The weekend also heard from autonomous education initiatives existing beyond the university, experiments brought together in networks of inspiration, reflection, and critique. From these multiple sites, concepts wrapped in action: exodus, the common, occupation, decolonization, self-organization, autonomy &#8211; expressed and rearticulated through projects such as the Mess Hall, Social Science Centre, Lincoln, Convivial Research and Insurgent Learning, The Toronto School of Creativity and Inquiry, Purple Thistle, Uninomade, Occupy… At several Toronto locations across three days, these experiences intersected, recognized, learned from each other. What it is that sustains our experiments, and what makes them die out? How is it that we can build alternative spaces for a knowledge production that are other than, oppositional and constituent? These institutions of the common, in which ideas circulate but money does not, point the way toward an independent relationship toward knowledge, outside of the confines of the neoliberal university. Struggles within the academy will need to link up with these experiments occurring beyond them.</p>
<p>And this conference, organized across the boundaries of time, institutions, hierarchy, and national borders, points to the direction to be taken as we occupy, appropriate, and construct our university. On the last day of the meeting we discovered that a comrade from Mexico had been kicked out of her downtown hotel, her belongings tossed into the hall in an ugly racist incident. The last act of the conference saw it march as a whole to the hotel, with over a hundred participants gathering outside to make it clear such behavior will be fought and exposed. In Toronto at the end of April 2012 we were our university prefigured in the present, a university that acts as an institution of the common, where knowledge breaks its bonds.</p>
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		<title>Organizing Molecular Knowledges and Networked Militancy</title>
		<link>http://www.edu-factory.org/wp/organizing-molecular-knowledges-and-networked-militancy/</link>
		<comments>http://www.edu-factory.org/wp/organizing-molecular-knowledges-and-networked-militancy/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Fri, 04 May 2012 21:13:54 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>gigi</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Meetings]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.edu-factory.org/wp/?p=1590</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[Tomorrow Night – 5.5.12 – Organizing Molecular Knowledges and Networked Militancy – Toward an Autonomous Network of Space, Knowledge, and Subjectivity On Saturday 6PM at 16 Beaver (4th floor), we convene a “spontaneous seminar” on our urban struggles and the commons. Contents: 1. Information on a “spontaneous seminar” 2. Prolegomena to an American Spring 3. Inquiries &#160; 1. Information on a “spontaneous seminar” Who: Organizers and participants of the 16 Beaver Group with David Harvey, Miguel Robles-Duran, friends from Edu-Factory, Making Worlds, and friends and organizers from May Day What: A Seminar for Molecular Knowledges and Networked Militancy Where: 16 Beaver When: Saturday, May 5th 6pm to 10pm How: Collectivize our intelligence on the politics...]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Tomorrow Night – 5.5.12 – Organizing Molecular Knowledges and Networked Militancy – Toward an Autonomous Network of Space, Knowledge, and Subjectivity</p>
<p>On Saturday 6PM at 16 Beaver (4th floor), we convene a “spontaneous seminar” on our urban struggles and the commons.<span id="more-1590"></span></p>
<p>Contents:</p>
<p>1. Information on a “spontaneous seminar”</p>
<p>2. Prolegomena to an American Spring</p>
<p>3. Inquiries</p>
<p>&nbsp;</p>
<p><span style="text-decoration: underline;">1. Information on a “spontaneous seminar”</span></p>
<p>Who: Organizers and participants of the 16 Beaver Group with David Harvey, Miguel Robles-Duran, friends from Edu-Factory, Making Worlds, and friends and organizers from May Day</p>
<p>What: A Seminar for Molecular Knowledges and Networked Militancy</p>
<p>Where: 16 Beaver</p>
<p>When: Saturday, May 5<sup>th</sup> 6pm to 10pm</p>
<p>How: Collectivize our intelligence on the politics and strategic questions of organizing networked militancy, autonomous knowledges, and practices.</p>
<p>&nbsp;</p>
<p><span style="text-decoration: underline;">2. Prolegomena to an American Spring</span></p>
<p><strong> </strong></p>
<p>Just days after May Day, with its joys and passions still reverberating, we call for a spontaneous seminar around the theme and title of &#8221;Organizing Molecular Knowledges and Networked Militancy.”</p>
<p>From the perspective of variegated and evolving processes of organization in the last months and years, the seemingly contrasting notion of a &#8220;spontaneous seminar&#8221; is meant to invoke a time for us to think and organize anew, starting from the most recent irruptions of energy in which we’ve found ourselves. These include a series of convergences from which we&#8217;re advancing where the space of the city and the space of autonomous education combine. Thus, the seminar seeks to organize our collective intelligence and investigate the processes that make the city a site of struggle and a site of autonomous learning.</p>
<p>We approach the city as the site of divisions and hierarchies, but also the site of common composition and horizontal organizing. We therefore want to think about the class forces of both commons and capitalist accumulation, and advance forms of militancy that build alliances and new political compositions that enable us to take initiative in the protracted struggles over our city, our education, and our future.</p>
<p>Months of organizing for the May Day demonstrations brought together new working groups, assemblies, affinity groups, organizations, and loose associations in order to reorient the strategic field of alliance across the city’s many workers. The experiences of “The Free University” in Madison Square Park on May Day opened a day-long portal to a commons of education, space, and militancy, wherein a collective vision of autonomous learning was built, elaborated, and animated. In a gathering called &#8220;The University is Ours!&#8221; in Toronto last weekend, militants took stock of the conflicts that surround the neoliberal university in North American and globally, “through a series of debriefings on experiences of resistance and the creation of a cartography of local and global struggles.” Their gathering was a linking of struggles and a call to develop a North American network that can deepen our relationships and advance our struggles.</p>
<p>This call to network suggests one pathway for combining our organizational energies in NYC and for building powerful transnational circuits of struggle.  On Saturday, we have the opportunity to collaborate with visiting Italian comrades Gigi Roggero and Anna Curcio from the militant research networks Edu-Factory and Uninomade, who have built up processes of collaboration, inquiry, and organizing across Europe in the last years precisely through networked forms of militancy. We will also be joined by David Harvey, Miguel Robles-Duran, Making Worlds, and other friends and organizers from May Day.</p>
<p>&nbsp;</p>
<p><span style="text-decoration: underline;">3. Inquiries</span></p>
<p>&nbsp;</p>
<p>The city and the university are two sites on a common plane from which we assess our present situation and ask “what next?” in the organization of our autonomy. Some basic organizing questions we have before us:</p>
<p>&nbsp;</p>
<p>(1) How do we understand the space of the city as the site of capitalist accumulation as well as the site of the production of our commons? What is the analytic reach of ‘the urban’ or ‘the social factory’ in understanding how our daily lives, relationships, and subjectivities are entwined in both practices of resistance and autonomous creation, as well as exploitation, command, and accumulation of money and power over us. What does “knowing the urban” help us know about ourselves, our struggles, and our vision for autonomy?</p>
<p>&nbsp;</p>
<p>(2) While the “network” has become the primary form for linking social movement organization, we know that networks are not necessarily enough to build power and reorganize daily life. What common forms does a network take, and through what practices, does it emerge? How do we understand the network as both everyday institutions of our cooperation, sociality, and mutualism but also sites of command, domination, appropriation? That is, how do we organize ourselves and our struggles by transforming the networked social factory into a militant organized network of struggles? What is a “organized network,” and what does it mean to equate the “organized network” with the “autonomous institution”? Upon what bases, principles, and politics does a network become organized into a common? How can we organize networks of flight from the institutions that capture our common intelligence, work, and relations and how can we reappropriate resources, time, and relationships in the process?</p>
<p>&nbsp;</p>
<p>(3) What is the dual role of knowledge and subjectivity in both the present political economy and in organizing revolutionary transformation? How can research and education open political processes and practices? How can militant research and learning practices reshape/modify/transform traditional notions of “movement building”? In other words, from this perspective it is not a question of how to use education to build some sort of conscience, that helps to movement to &#8220;attract people&#8221;, &#8220;become political&#8221;, etc. but rather a question of how the interaction established in an educational/research process is already a way of political participation which empowers people and, at the same time, transforms the movement itself in this very operation.</p>
<p>&nbsp;</p>
<p>Through presentations and discussions we aim to think about the organization of autonomous knowledges within and beyond the university as well as the terms of networked organizing in the urban field/social factory. A relatively dense set of alternative practices and solidarities within and beyond the university already exists, and more are emerging. They have been important in our collective attempts to amass knowledge for our struggles in a new militant context. Our organizational, work, and learning experiences in the pores of the university, whether public, private or ‘free’, comprise an uneven field of politics, from city to city, from institution to institution, and from our varied subjective experiences of governance.</p>
<p>&nbsp;</p>
<p>In this context, what does “organizing the common,” mean?</p>
<p>&nbsp;</p>
<p>The seminar seeks to build upon the experiences of people and projects currently undertaking the work of plotting, planning, and scheming autonomous networks of space, knowledge, and subjectivity. We view this as an opportunity to think and organize into a network of autonomous practices across the city, within and outside the university system. We take both the city and the university to be a physical setting but also a set of elaborate power-knowledge relations that are diffuse across the urban terrain and social factory. We aim to use our time together to collaboratively, and spatially, think of our role in the aggregation of new knowledges and subjectivities in our urban struggles.</p>
<p>We therefore pose the question of organizing and aggregating the common, so that we may think more clearly about what it means to organize our cooperative networks beyond the borders of the urban/knowledge economy. Join us in thinking about (1) the stakes of autonomous education and inquiry into urban processes, and (2) how it can build power in the organization of networked militancy. Your thoughts, experiences, and wagers are welcome and necessary.</p>
<p><a href="http://www.thisisforever.org/upcoming/organizing-molecular-knowledges-and-networked-militancy">http://www.thisisforever.org/upcoming/organizing-molecular-knowledges-and-networked-militancy</a></p>
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		<title>April 25th is “1T Day”: Occupy Student Debt</title>
		<link>http://www.edu-factory.org/wp/april-25th-is-%e2%80%9c1t-day%e2%80%9d-occupy-student-debt/</link>
		<comments>http://www.edu-factory.org/wp/april-25th-is-%e2%80%9c1t-day%e2%80%9d-occupy-student-debt/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Wed, 25 Apr 2012 14:08:38 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>gigi</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Documents]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.edu-factory.org/wp/?p=1581</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[by ANN LARSON and MALAV KANUGA “We work and we borrow in order to work and to borrow.  And the jobs we work toward are the jobs we already have.  Meanwhile, what we acquire isn’t education; it’s debt.&#8221; — Communiqué from an Absent Future (from the UCSC occupation barricades September 2009) In the United States, two-thirds of college graduates leave school with student loan debt, an average of $25,000 each. Debt rates have increased 500 percent since 1999, and there are more and more of us across the country facing six-figure loans who will make monthly payments for the rest of our lives. Those of us who are low-income and working-class students often incur debts...]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p style="text-align: left;">by ANN LARSON and MALAV KANUGA</p>
<p style="text-align: right;">“We work and we borrow in order to work and to borrow.  And the jobs we<br />
work toward are the jobs we already have.  Meanwhile, what we acquire isn’t education; it’s debt.&#8221;<span id="more-1581"></span></p>
<p style="text-align: right;">— Communiqué from an Absent Future<br />
(from the UCSC occupation barricades September 2009)</p>
<p>In the United States, two-thirds of college graduates leave school with student loan debt, an average of $25,000 each. Debt rates have increased 500 percent since 1999, and there are more and more of us across the country facing six-figure loans who will make monthly payments for the rest of our lives. Those of us who are low-income and working-class students often incur debts for degrees we will never complete because it is especially difficult balancing school and employment in this precarious economy. Student debt will burden us and our families for years to come. It will be the breath down our neck at every life choice and the clock that disciplines our present and future labor time. Debt is profoundly alienating and individuating. It separates us from each other and the commonwealth of our education gained from generations of social movements.</p>
<p>But now we see all around us the quiet compulsion of wages and debt, for if higher education is increasingly a necessity to “get ahead” it also is a means to blackmail us. The privilege of our hard-earned education is the debt that sustains the present economy.</p>
<p>Indeed, the debt explosion has brought students and families to a grim milestone: on April 25, 2012, total student debt in the US will surpass one trillion dollars. The <a href="http://www.occupystudentdebtcampaign.org/">Occupy Student Debt Campaign</a>, part of an Occupy Wall Street education working group, calls it 1T Day.</p>
<p><strong>How Did We Get to One Trillion?</strong></p>
<p>Tuition at US colleges has risen 500 percent since the 1980s, twice the rate of inflation, amidst reduced government funding for higher education. The very political class and economic system which has produced sovereign and individual debt crises the world over is now responsible for structurally dismantling social welfare won through political struggle and preying upon millions of indebted workers.</p>
<p>College administrators at public institutions explain tuition increases by asserting that budget cuts have given them no choice. But that is not the whole story. In fact, college administrators, in many cases, <em>want</em> to raise tuition. US colleges are run like financial firms: Administrators use student tuition dollars as collateral to improve their institution’s bond rating in capital markets. A top priority at many colleges is to pledge students’ tuition to Wall Street to fund construction projects that enrich the one percent. This is also why it makes little sense to insist on a distinction between public and private institutions. Whether public or private, all colleges where students pay tuition are debt-financed. Those of us who can’t pay back our loans (an increasingly likely prospect for many) are cogs in the machinery of capital accumulation, as our colleges become sites for generating profit for billionaires.</p>
<p><strong>How Does Wall Street Profit From Student Debt?</strong></p>
<p>The SLM Corporation (known as Sallie Mae) is a former government entity that has been fully privatized since 2005. Sallie Mae illustrates how Wall Street profits from student debt. Sallie lends money to students for higher education, and then it sells those loan payments to Wall Street. Wall Street packages student debt into a financial instrument called SLABS—Student Loan Asset Backed Securities—that are similar to the mortgage-backed securities that crashed the housing market. Finally, Wall Street sells these debt bundles on the open market for a spectacular profit. <a href="http://nplusonemag.com/bad-education">Malcolm Harris</a> noted that &#8220;in 1990, there were $75.6 million of these securities in circulation; at their apex, the total stood at $2.67 trillion.&#8221; From reduced state funding and exploding tuition costs to student loans sold as securities, the debt financing of US higher education is inseparable from strategies of capitalist accumulation and exploitation.</p>
<p><strong>What Happens If Debtors Cannot Pay?</strong><br />
US debt collectors have extraordinary and unprecedented powers to force payment. Both federal and private student loans are exempt from bankruptcy protections. Banks, airlines, and wealthy individuals can file for bankruptcy and get their debts written off. It happens all the time.<br />
On the contrary, if you don&#8217;t pay your student debt, collectors can garnish your wages. They can garnish your social security check in old age. In fact, the <em>Washington Post</em> reported recently that tens of billions in student loans are owed by people in their 60s, and it is not uncommon for debt collectors to harass the elderly for loans they took out decades before. These powers of collection are granted by the federal government, which works in tandem with the finance industry to keep the boot on the neck of student borrowers.</p>
<p><strong>What Can We Do?</strong></p>
<p>The <a href="http://www.occupystudentdebtcampaign.org/">Occupy Student Debt Campaign</a> believes student debts are illegitimate from the start, and thus it makes little sense to reform the current system. Furthermore, we believe the hour for petitioning the government is long over. It&#8217;s time for direct action by debtors organizing collectively on their own behalf. The campaign has initiated a series of actions around the country on April 25, 1TDay (<a href="http://1tday.org/">1tday.org</a>). In New York City, we will host a mock jubilee, a celebratory write-off of all student debt, followed by a march to Wall Street for a ceremonious burning of Sallie Mae loan statements.</p>
<p>After 1T Day, our work continues. The centerpiece of the campaign is a pledge of student debt refusal. On our website, <a href="http://www.occupystudentdebtcampaign.org/">http://www.occupystudentdebtcampaign.org/</a>, student debtors can sign a pledge to stop paying their student loans once one million others have agreed to do the same.</p>
<p>Here is the text of the <a href="http://www.occupystudentdebtcampaign.org/student-pledge/">debtors&#8217; pledge</a>:</p>
<p><strong>The Pledge</strong><br />
As members of the most indebted generations in history, we pledge to stop making student loan payments after one million of us have signed this pledge.<br />
Student loan debt, soon to top $1 trillion, is poisoning the pursuit of higher education. With chronic underemployment likely for decades to come, we will carry an intolerable burden into the future. The time has come to refuse this debt load. Debt distorts our educational priorities and severely limits our life options.<br />
Education is not a commodity and it should not be a vehicle for generating debt, or profit for banks. Education at all levels—pre-K through Ph.D.—is a right and a public good.<br />
* We believe the federal government should cover the cost of tuition at public colleges and universities.<br />
* We believe that any student loan should be interest-free.<br />
* We believe that private and for-profit colleges and universities, which are largely financed through student debt, should open their books.<br />
*We believe that the current student debt load should be written off.</p>
<p>In acknowledgment of these beliefs, I am signing the Debtors’ Pledge of Refusal.</p>
<p>&nbsp;</p>
<p><strong>“This is our time!” Join the movement for debt jubilee!</strong></p>
<p><strong> </strong></p>
<p>Through this economic system, we are the subjects of theft—our common wealth produced over generations, as well as the wealth of the so-called natural world that we co-produce, are held hostage. In this way, debt too has become a common, a shared destiny, and a generational theft of time: the appropriation of our labor in both the present and in the future.</p>
<p><strong> </strong></p>
<p>As in many parts of the world, we too have suffered the effects of the deepening economic and political crises with every cut into our wages, our well being, and our time. But, in the US as elsewhere, we are also creating new publics, new commons, and new political cultures that empower us to both resist the blackmail of this crumbling economic system and find collective pathways out of it.</p>
<p>Debt is a decisive issue in this fight. What first emerged in demonstrations against the economic turmoil of the closing months of 2008—the international chant ‘We will not pay for your crisis!’—has turned into the increasingly urgent question of how debt will be used in the balance of global class relations in the coming months and years. As <a href="http://www.reclamationsjournal.org/issue_debt_george_caffentzis.htm">George Caffentzis</a> reminds us, “demands for its abolition can be unifying, because it is everybody’s condition in the working class worldwide,” from those who suffer student debt to those saddled with “credit card debt, mortgage debt, medical debt.”</p>
<p>This spring, students and workers are walking out, striking, occupying, and organizing all across the country. In the context of a rigged system wherein student debts underwrite a form of indenture, refusal is the only adequate response. Refusal acknowledges the larger economic and political context in which education debts are incurred while also bypassing the conventional ideologies that have failed us so far. To refuse student debt is to reappropriate education as our commonwealth, not a source of profit. Refusal also allows debtors to <em>act</em> in their own interest rather than ask for assistance as supplicants. Finally, refusal to participate in an unjust system provides moral clarity and the framework for reimagining what the university might become once it is no longer a site for the accumulation of capital.</p>
<p>Refusing student debt serfdom is indeed part of a larger anti-capitalist struggle. Recently, in an open forum on the debt-prison system, we were reminded that debt was central to slavery in early America, for many slavers used credit markets to finance their acquisition of slaves from Africa. Now, people of color in the US suffer disproportionately in one the most brutal prison systems in the world. It is important that we make the connection between debt, slavery, and racism, not as co-equal forms of oppression, but as complementary modes of capitalist exploitation. This is why, as NYU Professor <a href="http://www.nicholasmirzoeff.com/O2012/2012/04/11/the-debt-prison-system/">Nick Mirzoeff</a> argued, &#8220;resisting debt servitude in the United States is a central part of extending and completing the Civil Rights movement.&#8221; Debt is central to how capitalism functions. To refuse student debt is to reclaim our present, our future, and our education. That is what it means to Occupy Wall Street.</p>
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		<title>On USM president’s pipeline of ‘human capital’</title>
		<link>http://www.edu-factory.org/wp/on-usm-president%e2%80%99s-pipeline-of-%e2%80%98human-capital%e2%80%99/</link>
		<comments>http://www.edu-factory.org/wp/on-usm-president%e2%80%99s-pipeline-of-%e2%80%98human-capital%e2%80%99/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Fri, 20 Apr 2012 19:47:39 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>gigi</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Documents]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.edu-factory.org/wp/?p=1587</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[by JACOB LOWRY President Selma Botman evoked a metaphor that made my stomach churn. It was on the evening of March 7, at a public forum on unemployment sponsored by various Maine labor unions and USM’s Economics Department. Possibly mistaking the gathering of elderly union organizers and young leftists as “job-creating” capitalists, her brief opening speech enthusiastically lauded USM’s commitment to connecting students with jobs. “USM is a pipeline, which delivers students to employers,” she said. I was left picturing my friends and fellow classmates sucked up a slimy sewer pipe leading to an office cubicle in some drab, Wall Street firm. As it turns out, the pipeline ideology goes deeper than Botman’s uninspiring speech. The...]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>by JACOB LOWRY</p>
<p>President Selma Botman evoked a metaphor that made my stomach churn. It was on the evening of March 7, at a public forum on unemployment sponsored by various Maine labor unions and USM’s Economics Department.<span id="more-1587"></span></p>
<p>Possibly mistaking the gathering of elderly union organizers and young leftists as “job-creating” capitalists, her brief opening speech enthusiastically lauded USM’s commitment to connecting students with jobs. “USM is a pipeline, which delivers students to employers,” she said.</p>
<p>I was left picturing my friends and fellow classmates sucked up a slimy sewer pipe leading to an office cubicle in some drab, Wall Street firm.</p>
<p>As it turns out, the pipeline ideology goes deeper than Botman’s uninspiring speech. The imagery is actually borrowed from Mike Wing, USM director of external programs. Wing’s quote shows up in a <a href="http://www.pressherald.com/opinion/usm-cultivates-opportunities-for-student-innovation_2012-02-20.html">Portland Press Herald op-ed piece</a> written by Botman on Feb. 20.</p>
<p>“We are helping to build a pipeline of human capital for tomorrow’s high-skilled jobs,” he wrote. Although a seemingly innocuous piece of corporate jargon, the attitude underscores the problem with higher education in America, and at USM. There has been much conversation recently about the University of Maine System’s “budget shortfall.”  We have been told that revenues fail to match expenditures and are encouraged to accept the obvious economic antidote to the problem: the chopping block.</p>
<p>My concern here is that no one has examined the bigger picture or questioned the economic and political forces at work within the context of higher education in the United States. The recent system budget trouble is only a tiny sliver of a much bigger problem.</p>
<p>The truth is that public universities are gradually being destroyed in favor of corporatized, student debt factories with shiny buildings and highly paid CEOs who know how to market a particular image. The knowledge commons of the academy is quickly surrendering to neoliberal models that value profit margins over intellectual pursuits.</p>
<p>While administrators aim to transform students into “human capital” and intellectual commons into a “pipeline,” the reality is that students are graduating to low wage service sector jobs and a lifetime of debt.</p>
<p>Furthermore, decreased state and federal support for higher education erodes the college dream for lower income students with each passing year. We have little choice but to take on massive amounts of unsubsidized debt, keeping mega financial institutions smiling. What happened here?</p>
<p>In Bad Education, an essay in the communique “Generation of Debt,” Malcolm Harris explores the institutional priority shift in public and private universities alike. He notes the exponential increase in the amount of debt current students take on compared to the benefits of the degree they may attain. While tuition at American colleges has risen 900 percent since 1978, far outpacing the rate of inflation, wages for recent graduates have fallen and unemployment has skyrocketed. “The result,” Harris writes, “is that the most indebted generation in history is without the dependable jobs it needs to escape debt.”</p>
<p>Now, for those of us who value the acquisition of knowledge over obsolete notions of career preparation, this might not be a large enough deterrent for us to opt-out of college. However, Harris goes on to note that the increase in tuition over the past several decades has little to do with the quality of education offered. In fact, the ratio of underpaid graduate adjunct professors to tenured professors now stands at three to one, a complete reversal from 40 years ago.</p>
<p>While the money going towards educators has diminished, head administrators are now pulling down large sums of money at many universities, due to market pressures demanding that they attract students, the consumers of university products and services. Within this corporatized view of education, administrators must focus on grandiose projects (second floor of the library, anyone?) to win those tuition dollars.</p>
<p>“If tuition has increased astronomically…[and] if the market value of a degree has dipped and the most students can no longer afford to enjoy college as a period of intellectual adventure,” Harris writes, “…higher education, for-profit or not, has increasingly become a scam.”</p>
<p>Fortunately, we are nowhere near the draconian tuition hikes of the University of California, where rates have gone up as high as <a href="http://www.nytimes.com/2009/11/20/education/20tuition.html">32 percent in the past three years alone</a>. The<a href="http://usmfreepress.org/2012/01/university-of-maine-system-trustees-freeze-in-state-tuition-for-first-time-in-25-years/"> tuition freeze</a> is still in place at USM, but for how much longer? When tuition hikes do come, will we demand a more equitable model of higher education that creates critical thinkers instead of “human capital”? The choice is ours.</p>
<p>* <a href="http://usmfreepress.org/2012/04/04/lowry-on-usm-presidents-pipeline-of-human-capital/?ref=hp">http://usmfreepress.org/2012/04/04/lowry-on-usm-presidents-pipeline-of-human-capital/?ref=hp</a></p>
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		<title>edu-factory book : Polish edition</title>
		<link>http://www.edu-factory.org/wp/edu-factory-book-polish-edition/</link>
		<comments>http://www.edu-factory.org/wp/edu-factory-book-polish-edition/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Fri, 30 Mar 2012 15:01:00 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>gigi</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Publications]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.edu-factory.org/wp/?p=1573</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[&#160; The Polish edition of the book is out now! &#160; Download in : PDF - EPUB - MOBI]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>&nbsp;</p>
<p><span style="font-weight: bold;">The Polish edition of the book is out now!</span></p>
<p>&nbsp;</p>
<p><strong>Download in : <a href="http://ia600801.us.archive.org/30/items/Edufactory.SamoorganizacjaIOporWFabrykachWiedzy/EduFactory_Samoorganizacja_i_opor_w_fabrykach_wiedzy_Korporacja_Ha_art_2012.pdf ">PDF</a> - <a href="www.archive.org/download/Edufactory.SamoorganizacjaIOporWFabrykachWiedzy/EduFactory_Samoorganizacja_i_opor_w_fabrykach_wiedzy_Korporacja_Ha_art_2012.epub">EPUB</a> - <a href="www.archive.org/download/Edufactory.SamoorganizacjaIOporWFabrykachWiedzy/EduFactory_Samoorganizacja_i_opor_w_fabrykach_wiedzy_Korporacja_Ha_art_2012.mobi">MOBI</a></strong></p>
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		<title>Czech students protest government reforms</title>
		<link>http://www.edu-factory.org/wp/czech-students-protest-government-reforms/</link>
		<comments>http://www.edu-factory.org/wp/czech-students-protest-government-reforms/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Sat, 03 Mar 2012 16:20:10 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>liz</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Struggles]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.edu-factory.org/wp/?p=1568</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[Feb. 29, PRAGUE — Thousands of students rallied Wednesday in the Czech capital and other major cities to protest government reforms they claim would limit academic freedoms. Students and universities fear the new plans would give politicians more power over their operations and are upset over a proposal to charge students tuition fees for the first time at state colleges. Students gathered at a downtown square in Prague with plans to march through the city to the seat of government to urge the Cabinet to reject the proposed changes. &#8220;These changes are bad,&#8221; Miroslav Jasurek, a students leader, told the crowd. &#8220;Universities are not a toy in the hands of politicians,&#8221; he said. Prime Minister...]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p><a href="http://www.edu-factory.org/wp/wp-content/uploads/2012/03/czechrepublic.jpg"><img class="alignleft size-thumbnail wp-image-1569" title="czechrepublic" src="http://www.edu-factory.org/wp/wp-content/uploads/2012/03/czechrepublic-150x150.jpg" alt="" width="110" height="110" /></a>Feb. 29, PRAGUE — Thousands of  students rallied Wednesday in the Czech capital  and other major cities  to protest government reforms they claim would  limit academic freedoms.</p>
<p><span id="more-1568"></span>Students and universities fear the new plans would give  politicians more power over their operations and are upset over a  proposal to charge students tuition fees for the first time at state  colleges.</p>
<p>Students gathered at a downtown square in Prague with plans to march  through the city to the seat of government to urge the Cabinet to reject  the proposed changes.</p>
<p>&#8220;These changes are bad,&#8221; Miroslav Jasurek, a students leader, told the  crowd. &#8220;Universities are not a toy in the hands of politicians,&#8221; he  said.</p>
<p>Prime Minister Petr Necas said Wednesday he was ready to discuss with universities and students the proposed changes.</p>
<p>The plans would replace an academic oversight board of professors and  students with new panels, which could include politicians and  businessmen. The government says the reforms are necessary to increase  educational standards and secure more funding.</p>
<p>Rallies were also planned in other major Czech cities as part of weeklong protests.</p>
<p>President Vaclav Klaus condemned the student actions. &#8220;A deep and  thorough reform of universities is absolutely necessary and every  sensible person knows that,&#8221; Klaus said.</p>
<p>The students argued they were not against the reforms in principle.</p>
<p>&#8220;We&#8217;re all for a reform that would improve the quality of universities,&#8221; Jasurek said.</p>
<div>Read more: <a href="http://www.kyivpost.com/news/world/detail/123368/#ixzz1o4TzmTRj">http://www.kyivpost.com/news/world/detail/123368/#ixzz1o4TzmTRj</a></div>
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		<title>Barcelona student strike against austerity met with police violence</title>
		<link>http://www.edu-factory.org/wp/barcelona-student-strike-against-austerity-met-with-police-violence/</link>
		<comments>http://www.edu-factory.org/wp/barcelona-student-strike-against-austerity-met-with-police-violence/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Sat, 03 Mar 2012 15:54:42 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>liz</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Struggles]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.edu-factory.org/wp/?p=1560</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[&#160; &#160; &#160; &#160; Feb. 29, A report for libcom.org from Barcelona, as thousands of young people march in cities across Spain to protest austerity measures for the 29F: Vaga General d&#8217;Universitats. Today&#8217;s demonstration, or as it was labelled here in Catalunya, a student strike, was held for a combination of reasons around university staff pay and conditions, general concerns about the privatisation of education, and in solidarity with the Valencian students who had recently been brutally attacked by the boys in blue for the temerity to demand the heating to be turned on when it was freezing cold. Police violence had been a recurring theme in discussions and placards at the protest. There were...]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p><a href="http://www.edu-factory.org/wp/wp-content/uploads/2012/03/bcn.jpg"><img class="alignleft size-thumbnail wp-image-1561" title="bcn" src="http://www.edu-factory.org/wp/wp-content/uploads/2012/03/bcn-150x150.jpg" alt="" width="150" height="150" /></a></p>
<p>&nbsp;</p>
<p>&nbsp;</p>
<p>&nbsp;</p>
<p>&nbsp;</p>
<p><span id="more-1560"></span>Feb. 29, A report for <a href="http://libcom.org/news/barcelona-student-strike-against-austerity-met-police-violence-29022012">libcom.org</a> from Barcelona, as  thousands of young people march in cities across Spain to protest  austerity measures for the 29F: Vaga General d&#8217;Universitats.</p>
<p>Today&#8217;s demonstration, or as it was labelled here in Catalunya, a  student strike, was held for a combination of reasons around university  staff pay and conditions, general concerns about the privatisation of  education, and in solidarity with the Valencian students who had  recently been brutally attacked by the boys in blue for the temerity to  demand the heating to be turned on when it was freezing cold. Police  violence had been a recurring theme in discussions and placards at the  protest. There were various chants about the state of Spain no longer  being a democracy, or that the current government was fascist. While it  is easy to dismiss these claims, as Spain is clearly not fascist, it is  nevertheless disconcerting for a people only 30 years away from a  genuine fascist government to see an increasingly aggressive police and  government presence on campuses and in neighbourhoods.</p>
<p><a href="http://libcom.org/news/barcelona-student-strike-against-austerity-met-police-violence-29022012">Read more</a></p>
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		<title>Syntagma calling : Athens, 21-22 March 2012</title>
		<link>http://www.edu-factory.org/wp/syntagma-calling-athens-21-22-march-2012/</link>
		<comments>http://www.edu-factory.org/wp/syntagma-calling-athens-21-22-march-2012/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Thu, 01 Mar 2012 00:10:40 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>gigi</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Meetings]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.edu-factory.org/wp/?p=1557</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[Transnational open assembly : “Coming to a city near you!” Athens, 21-22 March 2012 : Occupied theatre Empros (Riga Pallamidou 2, Psyrri) Even though EU governments and institutions repeatedly confine crisis to the ‘exceptional’ case of Greece, the state of emergency seems to be the spectre that is haunting Europe. It seems that in one of the richest areas of the globe, no one is living within their means and austerity is the only way to rescue whatever has been built for decades; rescuing by drowning, building by demolishing seems to be the dogma of political and economic orthodoxy. Even though several political forces had in many instances predicted the tragic outcomes of this specific form...]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p style="text-align: center;"><strong>Transnational open assembly : “Coming to a city near you!”</strong></p>
<p style="text-align: center;"><strong>Athens, 21-22 March 2012 : Occupied theatre Empros (Riga Pallamidou 2, Psyrri)<span id="more-1557"></span></strong></p>
<p>Even though EU governments and institutions repeatedly confine crisis to the ‘exceptional’ case of Greece, the state of emergency seems to be the spectre that is haunting Europe. It seems that in one of the richest areas of the globe, no one is living within their means and austerity is the only way to rescue whatever has been built for decades; rescuing by drowning, building by demolishing seems to be the dogma of political and economic orthodoxy.</p>
<p>Even though several political forces had in many instances predicted the tragic outcomes of this specific form of development that the post-fordist regime of accumulation and the unleashed financialisation of the economy would engender for societies at large, it seems that the general feeling, even among the most radical, is dominated by an uncomfortable numb. It seems that verification of prediction repeats itself always and only as tragedy.</p>
<p>Greece, however, seems to be the <em>lieu par excellence,</em> where this tornado, ravages wages, pensions, social benefits, in brief all welfare structures, and political rights that had survived from the post-war consensus. The Greek  experiment for the fine-tuning of the European future takes place in a clear and unequivocal way.</p>
<p>However, apart from the imposition orchestrated by the Greek government, the EU and the IMF looting of any material and symbolic, real and illusionary sign of dignity, it seems that what is intensified in this declared war are the responses of the opponent. The ongoing escalation of social struggles against the monstrosity of recurrent austerity measures gives birth to more and more numerous and more outraged monsters of refusal.</p>
<p>It seems that resistance is not enough; neither escape. What has been proven in recurrent instances during the past two years is that the question (im)posed by innumerable subjectivities is not that of resistance against the attacks, neither the construction of evading alternatives; it is simply and purely the unformulated, speechless, hence ungraspable, unpredictable and fearful refusal.</p>
<p>As anonymous, unformed and unformable part of this non-representable movement, we invite everyone who is part of this scattered, bewildered and confused street thought and action to come and form a two-day Open assembly in Athens, where the monsters of crisis from the global European South (from London to Madrid and from Berlin to Rome), as well as from the upheavals and insurrections in North Africa will exchange experience and ideas in order to further contaminate the European underdogs with hopeless rage and hopeful fear.</p>
<p>Following the 5<sup>th</sup> of May 2010 demonstration in Athens, the Economist published in its front-page an image from Athens with the title ‘Coming to a city near you?’. Today we replace the question mark with an exclamation mark. The networks that link Syntagma with Tahrir, Barcelona, London or New York are stronger than ever; like a chain of events, occupations, demonstrations, initiatives for collective and un-mediated refusal become transnational.</p>
<p>We invite everyone individually and collectively to come to the assembly in order to think in common how we can disperse this absolute refusal and find ways to work together against the economic and political dogma of the crisis across established national, economic and political borders. Our aim is to open up to the various forms of active and absolute refusal that emerge in our every day interconnected lives, and to create common time and spaces of struggles, practices and actions.</p>
<p>&nbsp;</p>
<p>If you want more information and especially if you want to send ideas, please go to <span style="text-decoration: underline;"><a href="http://resistancecomesfirst.wordpress.com/">http://resistancecomesfirst.wordpress.com/</a></span> or send email to <a href="mailto:syntagmacalling@gmail.com">syntagmacalling@gmail.com</a></p>
<p>&nbsp;</p>
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		<title>Actually Existing Autonomy and the Brave New World of Higher Education</title>
		<link>http://www.edu-factory.org/wp/actually-existing-autonomy-and-the-brave-new-world-of-higher-education/</link>
		<comments>http://www.edu-factory.org/wp/actually-existing-autonomy-and-the-brave-new-world-of-higher-education/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Wed, 29 Feb 2012 03:15:32 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>liz</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Publications]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.edu-factory.org/wp/?p=1550</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[by ELISE THORBURN Over the course of the last several decades the view that states in the advanced capitalist world could be meaningfully challenged (and perhaps even taken over) by organized segments of their own populations has come to seen as far-fetched in the extreme. According to Neil Smith (2009: 51), the plausibility of revolutionary transformation has not only slipped out of political fashion, it has been banished to the “infinite horizon of never-never land.” If the university was once a hotbed of revolutionary ambition, it too seems to have suffered the same fate as the broader culture. To many of our generation (in diapers as Margaret Thatcher announced that there would no longer be...]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>by ELISE THORBURN</p>
<div>
<p>Over  the course of the last several decades the view that states in the  advanced capitalist world could be meaningfully challenged (and perhaps  even taken over) by organized segments of their own populations has come  to seen as far-fetched in the extreme.<span id="more-1550"></span> According to Neil Smith (2009:  51), the plausibility of revolutionary transformation has not only  slipped out of political fashion, it has been banished to the “infinite  horizon of never-never land.” If the university was once a hotbed of  revolutionary ambition, it too seems to have suffered the same fate as  the broader culture. To many of our generation (in diapers as Margaret  Thatcher announced that there would no longer be any alternative) the  revolutionary upheavals of 1968 seem an impossible fairy tale. That  students were at the fore of a movement that brought the French state to  the brink of collapse, for example, is almost unimaginable to those of  us who came of age during “the plagues of Reagan and Bush” (to borrow a  phrase from Ani Difranco). I studied at institutions that were ignited  by the energy of anti-globalization agitation but students were never  the driving force behind those movements. North American campuses were a  key source of the thousands of foot soldiers that struggled in Seattle  or Quebec City but much of the critical organizing was done by networks  and organizations that had no explicit links to university communities. I  think it is fair to say that over the course of the last the four  decades Anglo-American universities have ceased to be generative hubs of  radical agitation. Of course, I am not suggesting that the university  is somehow outside of the broader political economy and therefore should  be expected to be a key source of challenge to the status quo. But  neither do we want to dismiss that universities remain institutions  where a certain amount of experimentation is still possible, where some  opportunities to enter into engagements that are “discontinuous with the  universalizing telos of capital” (Meyerhoff et al 2011: 484-85) still  may exist.</p>
<p>In recent months, there have been signs that  the Anglo-American university’s long winter of political inertia may  moving towards a thaw. Recent eruptions in places where meaningful  confrontations seemed unimaginable only a few years ago have restored  some of our optimism about university-centered politics. The impressive  mobilizations that engulfed campuses across the University of California  system in September of 2009 offer one example of what I mean. There,  students, faculty, and campus workers responded to dramatic tuition fee  hikes and employee lay-offs with a coordinated fightback that brought  demonstrations and occupations to campuses up and down the Californian  coast, from Los Angeles to Berkeley, from Santa Cruz to Fullerton. More  recently, the wave of agitation that has shaken the United Kingdom seems  to offer even more evidence that universities are once again becoming  key sites of opposition. Last November’s large and dramatic protests  demonstrated an impressive will to confront the ConDem coalition’s  austerity program in general and its proposal to treble tuition fees in  particular.</p>
<p>Yet while I am heartened by the potency of  these and other mobilizations it is critical to remind ourselves that  they have all been defensive efforts to preserve the status quo in the  face of bold new incursions from the right. And while I recognize that  these are critical campaigns my intention here is to look away from  strictly preservationist efforts and examine a few struggles aimed at  transforming particular aspects of the university. To be clear, I am not  interested in drawing a surgical line between “defensive” and  “offensive” battles as if the two were not always already linked. I  recognize the paramount importance of fighting back when we are  attacked. But I also think it is useful to highlight some of the ways  that people inside the university have been able to carve out new kinds  of autonomy. Neoliberalization is a process that works in and through  already inherited political traditions (Theodore and Brenner 2002) and I  believe that some of the key forms of resistance to that process will  also work through already existing forms.</p>
<p>I have been very interested in ongoing debates  about what an “autonomous” university could look like and the kinds of  strategies that particular groups and individuals have taken up in  efforts to forge actually existing autonomies within increasingly  neoliberalized institutions. This paper starts from the premise that “we  are the people we have been waiting for” and seeks to highlight a few  areas in which university-based activists have begun to fight back. In  what follows I highlight three such strategies in an effort to show how  they might be prefigurative of an autonomous university to come. While  each one is certainly limited in its disruptive capacity and — on its  own — poses no serious threat to the existing order of things, it seems  that taken together — along with other forms of struggle and dissent —  broader kinds of reclamation might yet become possible. I offer these  examples not to privilege them above others but simply to highlight  three nodes in what I hope will become a broader circulation of  struggles within the university. With this in mind, I begin by looking  at new forms of assembly that have emerged as efforts to challenge the  top-down governance structures of our universities. Next I look at how  “militant” research strategies have been engaged as new ways to  radicalize the production of knowledge. Finally, I highlight some of the  efforts that have been made to wrest academic knowledge production from  the hands of corporate publishers. Our discussion begins with a brief  gloss on the lay of the land (what I am calling the “brave new world of  higher education”) and a quick explanation of how I am using the notion  of a “circulation of struggles.”</p>
<h3>The Brave New World of Higher Education</h3>
<p>The university, like most public institutions,  has been profoundly reconfigured by the creative destruction of  neoliberalization. The roll-back (Peck and Tickell) of stable state  funding for public universities has been accompanied by a roll-out of  skyrocketing fees for access, a new emphasis on public/private  cooperation schemes and an instrumentalizaiton of curricula, all  administered by an increasingly contingent work force. This  reconfiguration of higher education has been marked by what the  Edufactory Collective has called the “Double Crisis”. By this, they mean  the acceleration of the crisis specific to the university — that which  results from outdate disciplinary divisions and funding models, its  “eroded epistemological status”<sup id="fnref:edufactory">8</sup> — and the crisis of post-Fordist conditions of labour and value — the  commodification of knowledge and the immeasurability of this knowledge.  These crises and the subsumption of the university to capital signifies  the decisive end of the New Deal for Education, the blurring of  distinctions between a private and a public institution, and the opening  of universities as the site of the imposition of austerity and control  over academic workers — students, faculty, and the precariously  employed. In fact, as Marc Bousquet has argued, the university has  become the paradigmatic site for new instantiations of capital, the  “leading innovator in the production and engineering of lousy forms of  employment that have gutted the global economy”<sup id="fnref:bousquet">2</sup>. The university is “a laboratory for the ‘capture’ of value, or what it refers to as ‘human, social, and cultural capital’”<sup id="fnref:bousquet">2</sup>.</p>
<p>But simultaneously the university is also a  powerful laboratory for experiments that will shape not only struggles  around higher education, knowledge and academic freedom, but will also  forge new alliances between students and labour. The university is the  cookshop of future, broad-based movements that challenge not just  capital’s imposition on the instruments of higher learning, but  capital’s imposition on every facet of the social realm. In fact, as  George has suggested elsewhere, student movements as they have arisen  can be seen as the main arm of anti-austerity struggles, and the  strongest response to the global economic crisis — Occupy Wall Street  notwithstanding. But, how these struggles — and the three proposals we  will bring forward to circulate these struggles — will in fact circulate  in and through the university requires a brief elaboration on the  concept of “circulation of struggles”.</p>
<p>This concept comes out of the Operaist or  Autonomist tradition, developed out of a class struggle reading of  Marx’s circuit of capital from Volume Two of his tome, Capital.  Capitalism, Marx noted, as a system for the accumulation of surplus  value, operates on a circuit. Capital transubstantiates from commodity  into money which commands the acquisitions of further resources to be  transformed into more commodities. The circuit is expressed as M —  C…P…C’ — M’. Money (M) is used to purchase commodities (C) labour,  machinery and raw materials, that are thrown into production (P) to  create new commodities (C’) that are sold for more money (M’). Part of  that — the prime in M’, is retained as profit and part of it is used to  purchase more means of production to make more commodities<sup id="fnref:marx">9</sup><sup id="fnref:cleaver">4</sup>.  As Nick Dyer-Witheford says of this process — one then rinses and  repeats. This is the circulation of capital. It is self-generating,  auto-catalytic, a “constantly revolving circle in which every point is  simultaneously one of departure and return”<sup id="fnref:dyer-witheford">7</sup>.</p>
<p>We are to think, here, of a rotating sphere  that is not only accelerating in velocity as it speeds through the  circulatory processes but is expanding in diameter as it fills more and  more social and geographic space. This is the image of global capital,  and the university is not outside this sphere. It is in it, and in fact,  as Edu-Factory and others argue, it has become fundamental to the speed  and expansion of this sphere. But the circulation of capital is also  the circulation of struggle, as Harry Cleaver and Peter Bell pointed out<sup id="fnref:cleaver-2">5</sup> shining lights on the fissures that appear at every node, at every  moment in the circulation of capital; each space between a letter (the  dash between M and C, the dots between C and P) indicate that the  “circulation process is interrupted”<sup id="fnref:marx">9</sup> and provide possible moments of breakdown. This counter-circulation,  the circulation of struggles, is the way Cleaver and Bell suggest we can  begin to see the circuit of capital operationalised as resistance.</p>
<p>As a very brief example: the attempt to  purchase the commodity labour (M-C) could be interrupted by struggles  over the dispossession of populations from the land necessary to create  disposed proletarians; the moment of production can be interrupted by  workplace resistances whether in the form of organised strikes or more  subtle activities. The conversion of commodities to money (C-M) can be  interrupted by theft, but weak markets, by public appropriation. When  struggle erupts at one flashpoint there is, due to capital’s circulatory  nature, the possibility of these struggles igniting other struggles  elsewhere in the circuit. This de-centred the classical Marxist focus on  the immediate point of production, without relinquishing entirely the  concept of anti-capitalist struggle — and rather expanding it. It opens  up struggle into a wider orbit, potentially offering the interlinking of  struggles and the development of the thus far imperfectly theorised  multitude. It helps to think, for a moment here, of the circulation of  struggles happening right now across the world, ignited perhaps by the  resistances in North Africa, Greece, the UK, Wisconsin and now from Wall Street to 200 towns across the US  and Canada. Though abstracted from a direct relationship to the  circulation of capital, there is a true sense of circulation of struggle  at work here.</p>
<h3>The New Assemblies</h3>
<p>So, our first proposal for the prefiguring of  the autonomous university fits along this circuit, and seeks to give  structure to this multitude and a location for the beginnings of  resistance to the top-down bureaucratic administration of the  university. This structure is that of the assembly, which is a different  proposition than creating a union, either of staff, faculty or of  students. The majority of the problems we encounter within the  university are the same as those experienced in any other workplace —  they stem from the fact that we sell our labour power to the university.  A contribution to changing these problems would result from changes in  the balance of power in the workplace. In order to radically alter the  balance of power an organisation is required which seeks to exercise  power in the workplace, and against that workplace, against the  processes of valorisation that mark it. So, instead of attempting to  evacuate the contemporary university to create an alternative, the  autonomous university, from without but which creates the same use  values just not on the same economic model, the assembly seeks to exert  power over the existing institution, and to change it fundamentally,  making the autonomous university from within. We propose the “assembly”  as the form which these organised resistances to the existent balance of  power would take.</p>
<p>Assemblies have become key, of late, in the  organisation of movements around the globe. Used from Greece to Spain,  Egypt to Wisconsin and here in New York, the assembly provides a space  for collective decision making, a horizontality that simultaneously is  the creation of structure. A precedent for the current rise in  assembly-politics does exist: there have been organisational forms  which, in their very construction, resist the top-down politicking of  parties, vanguards and parliamentarianism. In particular, Spain in the  late 1970s saw the rise of a workers’ assembly movement which described  itself as the “independent manifestation of the proletariat” <sup id="fnref:amoros">1</sup> and served as a physical confirmation of the class struggle in that  country. The assembly is a process of self-education and expansion, but  does away with the pure spontaneity and structurelessness that has  marked previous attempts at horizontality.</p>
<p>The University of Toronto General Assembly  offers us an example of this resistance to — and confrontation with —  the neoliberal university. Formed in the fall of 2010, the General  Assembly is made up of students, faculty, staff, alumni and community  members targeting the corporatised and undemocratic governance  structures within the institution, and pushes back against those  structures, attempting to rebuild and restructure the university as an  autonomous space from within.</p>
<p>Following the example of many European  university actions, the Assembly membership is broad and inclusive,  having undergraduates, food service workers, clerical staff, as well as  the requisite graduate students and faculty as active members. All  attendees at the assembly meetings are able to vote on motions, and all  become stakeholders in the project for the radical transformation of the  university, specifically, but for the transformation of our  understanding of education, knowledge, and labour practices more  broadly. The specific focus of the U of T GA  is centred around an anti-corporatisation campaign, but the work extends  to accountability and governance issues, international solidarity and  student-worker solidarity.</p>
<p>The membership of the General Assembly are the  “human know-how” that permits the university to operate,and the  specialised knowledge they possess also permits them to resist. Their  particular position here is used to agitate against the particular  imposition of capital into universities and raises the question as to  the limits to capitalist expansion, and the possibility and imaginings  of a post-capitalist future.</p>
<p>The formation of the U of T General Assembly  can be seen as a confrontation with cognitive capitalism by those who  make their living instantiating knowledge. The impetus for the Assembly  was the examination of the deal the University of Toronto has made with  Peter Munk, owner of Barrick Gold mining company, who will have an  entire school — The Munk School of Global Affairs — created in his name.  The Assembly agitates against the funding — specifically against the  provisions in the funding which give a great deal of decision making  power to the Munk board around curriculum and learning outcomes. In  fact, “the school’s director will be required to report annually to a  board appointed by Munk to ‘discuss the programmes, activities and  intiatives of the School in greater detail’” — but also this project  attempts to connect broadly the undemocratic nature of capitalist  expropriation of resources and the outsourcing of misery for private  profit and gain. The assembly-form, in this specific instance, but also  in general, offers a body to the resistance, and creates pressure on one  of the key nodes in the circulation of capital through the university —  the transformation of Money into the Commodity of education. Through  its democratic format we can begin to see how one could administer the  autonomous university — with collective decision-making power placed in  the hands of those most involved in the existence of the university  itself.</p>
<h3>Militant Research Strategies</h3>
<p>The work of the U of T General Assembly in  exposing, building community and subjectivities around the Munk deal can  be seen as another way to circulate the struggles of the University, we  proffer this as the second tool for the prefiguring of the autonomous  university — what has been called variously, militant research and  co-research or, in Italian, conricerca. Both grow out of the long  history of “inquiries” as developed by both Marx and Engels in the 19th  C. Militant research and conricerca differ slightly, but both see  themeslves not simply as research but as political action. Conricerca  (or co-research) was developed in Italy in the 1960s mostly by Romano  Alquati and the young activists writing in the militant journals  Quaderno Rossi and Classe Operai, and sought to understand the struggles  of factory workers and students not as sociological knowledge, but as a  political tool for the expansion and circulation of struggle.  Conricerca is itself a practice of intellectual production that does not  accept a distinction between active researcher and passive research  subject. The con- or “co” is meant to “question the borders between the  production of knowledge and political subjectivity”<sup id="fnref:roggero">11</sup> or, simply, to create a productive cooperation that transforms both  parties into active participants in producing knowledge and in  transforming themselves. More than anything, conricerca is a political  methodology; it is the methodology of a constituitive breach<sup id="fnref:roggero">11</sup>.</p>
<p>Militant research similarly, is, according to  the Spanish women’s group Precarias a la Deriva (Precarious Women  Adrift) “a process of our own capacity of worlds-making which  ..questions, problematises and pushes the real through a series of  concrete procedures”<sup id="fnref:van-meter">12</sup>.  It is “research carried out with the aim of producing knowledge useful  for militant or activist ends” (Van Meter, 2009). Both conricerca and  militant research provide one with a set of tools — concepts,  techniques, mechanisms — that “contribute to existing frameworks in  radical movements by adding research components and by taking a direct  role in producing knowlelge and strategies that resonate with movement  campaigns, organisations and initiatives”<sup id="fnref:van-meter-2">13</sup>.  Like Autonomist theory generally, it is a focus on struggle from the  perspective of struggle and as such provides opportunities for  communication within and between movements thus widening the field of  struggle. For example, the U of T Assembly has opened up and connected  previously disparate groups — bringing into communication those  concerned with the strangulation of the humanities, those concerned with  the increasing corporatisation of science and technology research,  those concerned with labour issues within the university and those  concerned with mining issues half a world away.</p>
<p>In this way, academics have — immanent to their  daily work lives — the tools needed to transform institutions and to  accelerate the generation of a more autonomous university.The university  is, itself, a political organisation, it connects people and creates  connectivities between people. Militant research from within the  university can push these new collectivities connected in the  institution to develp new practices — both educational and political,  outside of the university. Militant researchers — a proliferation of  them within faculties and departments especially — can begin the arduous  task of delinking research and knowledge production from the power  relations that currently define the academy and capitalism. Militant or  co-research can aid in understanding the extent to which capitalism  subsumes the common sphere of knowledge. This is important, as it  “provides a language that helps make visible and politically problematic  the progressive encroachment of circuits of capitalist accumulation  into more and more areas of social life and the parallel movement of  externalising more and more all the risks of entrepreneurial activity to  workers (through flexibilisation and precarisation) and to living  beings as such (through negative externalities such as environmental  degradation)”<sup id="fnref:nunes">10</sup>.</p>
<p>As noted, militant research uses already  existing capacities and it built into the organisation of the  university, but its fundamental presupposition is to do and be more. But  it must be said that while I — as an academic invested in the  university — am not reducible to my institutional relations or  positions, I cannot ignore the fact that my institutional affiliations  introduce certain problematic biases or practices into my work. As it  currently exists, the university is not entirely compatible with a  programme of militant research and because of this incompatibility our  first faltering steps at radicalising and making larger militant  research endeavours may fail. Accepting this and then recognising that,  if we are committed to a project of transforming and creating the  autonomous university we must continue to push at the borders of this  incompatibility until we can collectively — as newly produced knowledge  subjects — break through them. This is not a problem unique to our  endeavour in the university — any worker who attempts to make of their  waged labour something other than the pure production of surplus value  will come up against these incompatibilities. Working through them is  the only way forward.</p>
<h3>Liberating our Knowledge</h3>
<p>Finally, the third proposal for the autonomous  university to come: I am also optimistic about the capacity of academic  radicals to pose robust challenges to the property regimes that enclose,  capture and sell the work that we produce. I am encouraged by recent  attempts to take on the corporate giants that now control the vast  majority of academic journals. Their exorbitantly expensive (and  therefore decidedly prohibitive) pay-per-use fee structures profoundly  limit the kinds of publics that are able to access this work. Today,  universities and other (often public) institutions find themselves in  the paradoxical position of both paying for the production of academic  work only to turn around and buy it back from the corporate publishing  houses that print it. Thus under conventional publishing models, our  universities are “required to pay for the research costs, associated  salaries of researchers as well as subscriptions to the journals where  this is ultimately published, while also often signing away the control  of these publications.”<sup id="fnref:carys"><a rel="footnote" href="http://occupiedstudies.org/articles/actually-existing-autonomy.html#fn:carys">3</a></sup> Given the absurdity of this scheme, it is encouraging to see that some  journals have begun to try and make their exit from this particular  racket. I think that the self-conscious efforts of relatively new  journals like Human Geography — a new journal put together by radical  geographers and available for a small fee on the web — and Feminists@Law  to exit this standard arrangement — either through publishing the work  independently or by offering articles through an online open-access  format &#8211; demonstrate laudable commitment to scholarship that challenges  capitalist hegemony in both content and form. The capacity of particular  journals to begin to make this kind of exit is, of course, almost  entirely contingent on particular kinds of technological innovation that  have made publishing itself relatively user-friendly and allow papers  to be circulated without the prohibitive cost of actually printing them.</p>
<p>Nevertheless, there are a number of significant  barriers that make the move away from corporate publishing challenging.  I’d like to highlight two in particular. The first is that the work of  publishing a journal is — even in spite of the above-mentioned  user-friendliness of contemporary publishing programs — an enormous  undertaking. I have been involved in the production of a bi-annual  academic/activist journal over the last few years (<em>Upping the Anti: A Journal of Theory and Action</em>)  and have learned first hand the staggering number of labour hours  required to put it together. Even with an editorial board of close to  ten individuals — each working on the project for roughly ten hours a  week in addition to attending at least one evening meeting — we  routinely only barely manage to pull together the final product before  deadline (usually through herculean last minute efforts). My point is  that the production of even the most basic of journals requires an  enormous range of invisible tasks — from solicitation of material, to  organizing writers and reviewers, to the final stages of production, and  so on.</p>
<p>The second is that — whether we like or not —  academic employment is still largely contingent on publishing in venues  that are recognized as legitimate. So while our solidarities may lie  with a given independently produced or open access journal, the reality  is that our livelihoods may well force us to pass them up in favour of  recognized “leaders” in the field. How does this get us closer to the  autonomous university then? I think that both of these problems could be  substantially mitigated if a number (initially just a few) of well  established journals were the first to terminate their relationships  with corporate publishers. There are a number of well-established  journals with strong disciplinary reputations that could well be  sympathetic to these kinds of arguments. We might be able to make  significant headway by encouraging the editorial leadership of  sympathetic journals to lead to take a new direction when their  agreements with corporate publishers come to a close. The exit of these  established journals could begin to open space for others to follow  suit. But the question of infrastructure remains a central one. In order  for this challenge to be met, new networks might need to be  established. Here, we might imagine groups of journals coming together  to build centralized production houses, design templates, etc. They  might also be able to use their institutional leverage to re-imagine and  remake how information is distributed. Universities, for example, might  be convinced that their resources are better used housing particular  journals — covering the costs of basic production — than simply paying a  corporate publisher to access them.</p>
<p>These three proposals simply sketch the  beginnings of what could make up the autonomous university. To be  certain, they may at first blush appear to be reformist changes,  tweakings of the already existing relationships at play within the  contemporary university, but I hold that these changes are the necessary  ones that can prefigure the autonomous university to come. As we cannot  escape — there is no outside to the capitalist paradigm — we must  struggle work within in capital for its eventual overthrow. The  practices that I propose here — and I am always thinking about and  working on more — are all experiments in how the autonomous university  could be, how we can make it together. I encourage our friends and  comrades and teachers and students to take seriously these proposals and  begin the creation of the autonomous university from where you are,  from within, right now.</p>
<p><strong>Originally published in the <a href="http://occupiedstudies.org/articles/actually-existing-autonomy.html">Journal for Occupied Studies</a></strong></p>
<h3>Footnote</h3>
<div>
<hr />
<ol>
<li id="fn:amoros">Amoros, Miguel. “<a href="http://libcom.org/history/report-assembly-movement-miguel-amoros">Report on the Assembly Movement</a>” (1984). Uploaded June 2011. <a title="Jump back to footnote 1 in the text" rev="footnote" href="http://occupiedstudies.org/articles/actually-existing-autonomy.html#fnref:amoros">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:bousquet">Bousquet, Marc. “After Cultural Capitalism.” Edu-Factory WebJournal Zero Issue, January, 2010. <a title="Jump back to footnote 2 in the text" rev="footnote" href="http://occupiedstudies.org/articles/actually-existing-autonomy.html#fnref:bousquet">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:carys">Carys, Craig J. And Joseph F. Turcotte, with Rosemary J. Coombe. “<a href="http://journals.kent.ac.uk/index.php/feministsatlaw/article/view/7/54.">What’s Feminist about Open Access? A Relational Approach to Copyright in the Academy</a>” Feminists@Law Vol 1, No 1, 2011. <a title="Jump back to footnote 3 in the text" rev="footnote" href="http://occupiedstudies.org/articles/actually-existing-autonomy.html#fnref:carys">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:cleaver">Cleaver, Harry. Reading Capital Politically. University of Texas Press, Austin: 1979.</li>
<li id="fn:cleaver-2">Cleaver, Harry and Peter Bell. “Marx’s Theory of Crisis as a Theory of Class Struggle” in The Commoner. No. 5, Autumn, 2002.</li>
<li id="fn:difranco">DiFranco, Ani. “Your Next Bold Move” on Revelling/Reckoning. Righteous Babe Music, New York: 2001.</li>
<li id="fn:dyer-witheford">Dyer-Witheford, Nick. <a href="http://www.fims.uwo.ca/people/faculty/dyerwitheford/Commons2009.pdf">The Circulation of the Common</a>. Talk for “Future of the Commons”, <em>The Circulation of the Common</em> series, University of Minnesota, October 2009.</li>
<li id="fn:edufactory">Edufactory Collective. “The Double Crisis: Living on the Borders.” <em>EduFactory</em> WebJournal Zero Issue, January, 2010.</li>
<li id="fn:marx">Marx, Karl. <em>Capital, Volume 2.</em> Penguin Books, New York: 1978.</li>
<li id="fn:nunes">Nunes, Rodrigo. “Forward how? Forward Where?: Post Operaismo Beyond the Immaterial Labour Thesis” in <em>Ephemera: Theory and Politics in Organisation.</em> 7(1), 2007.</li>
<li id="fn:roggero">Roggero, Gigi. “<a href="http://www.minorcompositions.info/?p=141">Operaist Freedom</a>” on Minor Compositions website.</li>
<li id="fn:van-meter">Van Meter, Kevin and <em>Team Colors Collective</em>, “<a href="http://www.scribd.com/doc/6010057/What-is-Militant-Research">What is Militant Research?</a>“, 2008.</li>
<li id="fn:van-meter-2">Van Meter, Kevin and <em>Team Colors Collective</em>. “<a href="http://teamcolors.wordpress.com/2009/06/08/workshop-what-is-militant-research/">Workshop: What is Militant Research?</a>“. Workshop “Theory, Territory, and Targetting: Research for Movements” as part of the Portland Anarchist Book Fair, June 2009.</li>
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